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10 Decision-Making Errors that Hold Us Back at Work

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Nov 02, 2022

“Here’s a right-angled triangle. If one side has a length of 5, and the other 12, what is the length of the third side?”

This is the kind of math question you’ll usually find at the end of the textbook chapter on Pythagoras’s theorem. You’re well equipped to solve it — after all, you just finished learning the requisite skills, and there is only one correct answer.

Contrast this with the kinds of problems we solve in the workplace. Early in our careers, we’re faced with relatively straightforward requests: “I need a summary of these three reports.” “Fill in the spreadsheet with the newest data from the trade press.” “Need to turn this into a fancy PowerPoint.” These requests are concrete and predictable, and we tend to handle them well.

But as we progress in our careers and start dealing with more serious matters, problems appear in increasingly complex, ambiguous forms. There can be messy situations with unclear causes, where the problem is not clearly defined for us

Think along these lines: “Our employees are resisting our organization’s digital transformation efforts.” “Our new product isn't selling.” “There are too many safety violations in our factory.” 

We’re also tasked with hitting goals that we have no idea how to reach. “We want to become the market leader in X.” “We want to increase our revenue to XX million.”

Managing situations like these can be taxing and may feel beyond our ability. It’s only natural, considering that most of us have not had the opportunity to learn decision-making and problem-solving tools through formal education.

References

  1. Wilgoren, J. (2001, April 15). Jacob Getzels, 89, Educator And Researcher on Creativity. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2001/04/15/us/jacob-getzels-89-educator-and-researcher-on-creativity.html 
  2. Smith, G. F. (2003). Beyond Critical Thinking And Decision Making: Teaching Business Students How To Think. Journal of Management Education, 27(1), 24–51. 
  3.  Douglas Hofstadter, author and cognitive scientist
  4. Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg, T. & Miller, P. (2009). Jordan Cohen at pfizerWorks: Building the Office of the Future. IESE Publishing & Harvard Business Review 
  5. Judkis, M. (2012, April 12). Literally, rearranging the deck chairs on the Titanic. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/arts-post/post/literally-rearranging-the-deck-chairs-on-the-titanic/2012/04/12/gIQAqKhbCT_blog.html 
  6. Thomas Wedell-Wedellsborg (2020). What's Your Problem?: To Solve Your Toughest Problems, Change the Problems You Solve. Harvard Business Review Press
  7.  Dan Roam (2009). Unfolding the Napkin: The Hands-On Method for Solving Complex Problems with Simple Pictures 
  8.  Mosadeghrad, Ali & Ansarian, Maryam. (2014). Why do organisational change programmes fail?. International Journal of Strategic Change Management. 5. 189. 10.1504/IJSCM.2014.064460. 
  9.  Flynn, D. J., Nyhan, B., & Reifler, J. (2017). The nature and origins of misperceptions: Understanding false and unsupported beliefs about politics. Political Psychology, 38(Suppl 1), 127–150
  10. Jones, J. A. M. J. B. M. (2022, March 24). U.S. Economic Confidence Surges After Election. Gallup.com. https://news.gallup.com/poll/197474/economic-confidence-surges-election.aspx 
  11. Bellizzi, K. M. (2022, August 11). Cognitive biases and brain biology help explain why facts don’t change minds. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/cognitive-biases-and-brain-biology-help-explain-why-facts-dont-change-minds-186530?ref=refind 
  12. Build acumen for information-laden decisions. (n.d.). Meta-decisions. Retrieved November 2, 2022, from https://www.meta-decisions.com/build-acumen-for-information-laden-decisions
  13. Gagnon, M. (2021, December 15). The success of failure. CBC. https://www.cbc.ca/radio/ideas/the-success-of-failure-1.6283745 
  14.  Eskreis-Winkler L, Fishbach A. Not Learning From Failure-the Greatest Failure of All. Psychol Sci. 2019 Dec;30(12):1733-1744. doi: 10.1177/0956797619881133. Epub 2019 Nov 8. PMID: 31702452.
  15.  Justin Fox (2015). From “Economic Man” to Behavioral Economics. Harvard Business Review
  16.  Tony McCaffrey (2014). BrainSwarming: A new approach to finding solutions. Harvard Business Review
  17.  4 modern brainstorming techniques. (n.d.). Meta-decisions. Retrieved November 3, 2022, from https://www.meta-decisions.com/4modern-brainstorming-techniques
  18. Alia J. Crum, Modupe Akinola, Ashley Martin & Sean Fath (2017): The role of stress mindset in shaping cognitive, emotional, and physiological responses to challenging and threatening stress, Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
  19.  Crum, A.J., Salovey, P., & Achor, S. (2013). Rethinking stress: the role of mindsets in determining the stress response. Journal of personality and social psychology, 104 4, 716-33

About the Author

A woman with long dark hair smiles softly, standing outdoors with a blurred background of green foliage and light-colored structures.

Melina Moleskis

Dr. Melina Moleskis is the founder of meta-decisions, a consultancy that leverages management science and behavioral economics to help people and organizations make better decisions. Drawing from her dual background in business and academia, she works with determination towards uncovering pragmatic, sustainable solutions that improve performance for clients. Melina is also a visiting Professor of Technology Management as she enjoys spending time in the classroom (teaching as the best route to learning) and is always on the lookout for technology applications in behavioral science. In her prior roles, Melina has served as an economic and business consultant for 7 years in various countries, gaining international experience across industries and the public sector. She holds a PhD in Managerial Decision Science from IESE Business School, MBA in Strategy from NYU Stern and BSc in Mathematics and Economics from London School of Economics.

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