Why do we think the good old days were so good?

The 

Rosy Retrospection

, explained.
Bias

What is Rosy Retrospection?

Rosy retrospection refers to our tendency to recall the past more fondly than the present, all else being equal. It is a cognitive bias that runs parallel with the concept of nostalgia, though the latter does not always directly imply a biased recollection. The phrase stems from the English idiom, “rose-tinted glasses,” where people see things as better than they were.

A stick-figure cartoon depicts two people seated at a table with a robot serving dinner. The robot, wearing a happy expression, holds wine glasses and presents a roasted turkey on a plate. A speech bubble above the robot reads, "DINNER IS SERVED." One of the seated figures, with a neutral expression, has a thought bubble that says, "THINGS JUST AREN'T HOW THEY USED TO BE."

Where it occurs

Most people can relate to an experience where someone reflected on the “good old days” while lamenting present day society. Think of the nostalgic uncle at Thanksgiving dinner remarking how “things just aren’t how they used to be.” It seems that no matter the actual current state of affairs, people will always think that times were better in the past.

In the case of the nostalgic uncle, perhaps it is their recollection of a young adulthood free of worries and responsibilities and rich with pleasure that paints a rosy picture of the past. Meanwhile, the morning news shows global wars and domestic protests. Although it’s likely that there were similar wars and protests when they were younger, these are not the events they associate with their younger days. It is this discrepancy in recollection that creates the distorted perception.

Sources

  1. Life really WAS better 'in the old days' - according to half of adults over 50. (2017, June 12). Retrieved from https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/life/816013/old-days-life-better-according-to-study
  2. Flinders, M. (2018, June 29). The politics and power of nostalgia. Retrieved from https://blog.oup.com/2018/07/politics-power-nostalgia/
  3. Munawar, K., Kuhn, S. K., & Haque, S. (2018). Understanding the reminiscence bump: A systematic review. PloS one, 13(12), e0208595.
  4. Rutledge, R. B., Smittenaar, P., Zeidman, P., Brown, H. R., Adams, R. A., Lindenberger, U., ... & Dolan, R. J. (2016). Risk taking for potential reward decreases across the lifespan. Current Biology, 26(12), 1634-1639.
  5. Kamiński, J., Mamelak, A. N., Birch, K., Mosher, C. P., Tagliati, M., & Rutishauser, U. (2018). Novelty-sensitive dopaminergic neurons in the human substantia nigra predict success of declarative memory formation. Current Biology, 28(9), 1333-1343.
  6. Gates Foundation Poll Finds Young People More Optimistic About Future Than Older Generations; Optimism Highest in Lower- and Middle-Income Countries. (2018, September 24). Retrieved from https://www.gatesfoundation.org/Media-Center/Press-Releases/2018/09/Gates-Foundation-Poll-Finds-Young-People-More-Optimistic-About-Future-Than-Older-Generations
  7. Manzanero, A. L., López, B., Aróztegui, J., & El-Astal, S. (2015). Autobiographical memories for negative and positive events in war contexts. Anuario de Psicología Jurídica, 25(1), 57-64.
  8. Mitchell, T., & Thompson, L. (1994). A theory of temporal adjustments of the evaluation of events: Rosy prospection & rosy retrospection. In Advances in managerial cognition and organizational information-processing (pp. 85-114). JAI press.
  9. Mitchell, T. R., Thompson, L., Peterson, E., & Cronk, R. (1997). Temporal adjustments in the evaluation of events: The “rosy view”. Journal of experimental social psychology, 33(4), 421-448.
  10. Krieg, G. (2016, March 28). Donald Trump reveals when America was 'great'. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2016/03/26/politics/donald-trump-when-america-was-great/index.html
  11. Smith, N. (2019, November 01). Economic Growth in the 1950s Left a Lot of Americans Behind. Retrieved from https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2019-11-01/economic-growth-in-the-1950s-left-a-lot-of-americans-behind
  12. Garry, M., & Gerrie, M. P. (2005). When photographs create false memories. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(6), 321-325.
  13. Sugimori, E., Yamaguchi, M., & Kusumi, T. (2024). Writing to your past-self can make you feel better. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1327595. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1327595
  14. Kang, H.-G. and Han, B. (2020), "An option embedded novel military service system based on cognitive bias theories", Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies: 선물연구, 28(3), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1108/JDQS-07-2020-0018
  15. Travers, M. (2021, January 19). No, you were not happier way back when. Here’s why. Psychology Today. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/social-instincts/202101/no-you-were-not-happier-way-back-when-heres-why 
  16. Brown, S., Kozinets, R. V., & Sherry, J. (2003). Sell me the old, old story: Retromarketing management and the art of brand revival. Journal of Customer Behaviour, 2(2), 133-147. https://doi.org/10.1362/147539203322383537
  17. Zewe, A. (2024, April 19). To build a better AI helper, start by modeling the irrational behavior of humans. MIT News. https://news.mit.edu/2024/building-better-ai-helper-starts-with-modeling-irrational-behavior-0419

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